Horse nettle, which also goes by the formal name of Solanum carolinense, is a perennial weed that grows in tall, vertical stalks that can reach up to 4 feet tall. This plant grows across the eastern part of Texas and the entire eastern half of the United States. Horse-nettle Scouting and Prevention: Horsenettle has an erect stem that stands about 60 to 100 cm tall with a few branches that are covered with tiny hairs at the top of the plant. Habitat: 10 Acres, in overgrown area, with trees, bushes, tall grass, and natural water feature several feet away. Rangeland, Wildlife, and Fisheries Management. The signs may include: Anorexia; Depression; Excess salivation; Diarrhea or constipation; Trembling; Weakness; Colic. References Lewis RA. Nightshades contain glycoalkaloids, which are broken down in the body to sugars and alkaloids. Adverse EffectsHorse nettle contains solanine, a toxic alkaloid. The glycoalkaloids act on the digestive system to cause excessive salivation, colic and diarrhea or … Herbs are broad-leaved, herbaceous (non-woody) plant. Solanum carolinense. Carolina horse nettle, bull nettle Solanum carolinense US Wildflower - Carolina Horse Nettle, Bull Nettle, Devil's Tomato - Solanum carolinense. Can be used as a treatment for poison ivy, sore throat and more. Distribution refers to the ecological region in Texas that a plant has been found. Horse Nettle Herbicides w/o Residuals - posted in Weed and Pest Management: Got a horse customer that relayed a story to me the other day out of concern that I use herbicides on my Timothy hay. The berries should be harvested when … 1 Species ID Suggestions +2. This is a wildflower growing in Morgan County Alabama USA that is called by several names, Carolina Horse Nettle, Bull Nettle, Devil`s Tomato, and Solanum carolinense. Its leaves are coarsely toothed or lobed. What Horsenettle Looks Like Scott Frazier 6 years ago. Plant database entry for Horse Nettle (Solanum carolinense) with 15 images, 2 comments, and 39 data details. Disclaimer Information on this website is for educational purposes only. Carolina horse nettle is not a palatable plant, and consumption by animals should not be forced. See Adverse Effects. Royalty-Free Stock Photo. Almost every animal species has been poisoned by nightshade, but S. carolinense is probably mostly responsible for cases involving cattle and horses. Carolina Horse Nettle Wildflower - Solanum carolinense. Apply 0.6 to 0.9 pound a.i./acre of Grazon P+D® as a broadcast treatment or a 1 percent solution as an individual plant treatment when plants begin to flower in the spring. Carolina horse nettle is a coarse, branching, warm-season perennial in the Nightshade family. Newcomb L. Newcomb’s Wildflower Guide. 1 Species ID Suggestions +1. Carolina horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), also known as Bull nettle, Carolina horse nettle, Horse nettle, Apple of Sodom, Radical Weed, Sand Brier and, Tread-softly, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. Horse nettle is poisonous to horses in fresh or dried form, as it contains highly toxic alkaloids, the most meaningful being solanine. All branches and stems are sharp, hard and have 5 mm long spikes. Nettle has long been recognized for its bounty of nutrition as well as its sting. It grows 1 to 3 feet high. Each of its mostly oval leaves has several large teeth or shallow lobes on both sides. Herb: Horse Nettle Latin name: Solanum carolinense Family: Solanaceae (Nightshade Family, Potato Family) Medicinal use of Horse Nettle: This plant should be used with caution, see the notes above on toxicity. No edible properties. Carolina Horse-Nettle is a pretty white flower, but its berries are poisonous to humans and livestock. On the underside are microscopic, star-shaped hairs. It is found mostly in sandy soils in fields, open woodlands and waste places. Carolina horse nettle is a coarse, branching, warm-season perennial in the Nightshade family. Tweet; Description: Member of nightshade family not a true nettle. Notes: Thanks for the ID dferris1! The fruits are benefical to wildlife. Horse nettle berries were also once used as a topical treatment for mange in dogs. Herbaceous plants are also known as forbs or wildflowers . Carolina Horse Nettle is a Herb. Symptoms of poisoning include fever, headache, a scratchy feeling in the throat followed by nause, vomiting, and diarrhea. African Americans in the South once usedthe root and berries for seizures and menstrual problems (Le Strange 1977). Hay and silage containing the mature plants have been associated with poisoning and deaths. The stalk and leaves of the weed are covered with tiny thorns, and each stalk produces a white-colored, star-shaped flower in the spring. Chemical control strategies may be warranted in fields or pastures infested with dense populations. Folk medicine and lore worldwide attributes the powers of protection and fertility to this incredible plant. Lewis’ Dictionary of Toxicology. Carolina horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), also known as Bull nettle, Carolina horse nettle, Horse nettle, Apple of Sodom, Radical Weed, Sand Brier and, Tread-softly, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family.It is known for producing painful spines along the stems that penetrate the skin and … Boca Raton, Florida, 1998:960-961. Horse nettle is spreading in my flower garden. University of Georgia Press., Athens. CAROLINA HORSE NETTLE: (Solanum carolinense). However, quail, prairie chickens and wild turkeys consume the mature fruit and seeds. The star-shaped hair and seeds of this plant are readily identifiable in the gastrointestinal contents of acutely poisoned animals by microscopic techniques. Plant Search > Carolina Horse Nettle Carolina Horse Nettle (Solanum carolinense) About Carolina Horse Nettle. Plant Names (Nomenclature) American Indians used leaf tea   sore throats or to treat worms; a topical preparation of leaves was used for poison-ivy rash (Foster 1990). Solanum carolinense. Book: Brush and Weeds of Texas Rangelands (B-6208), Toxic Plants of Texas (B-6105), Collection: Brush and Weeds, Toxics, Wild Flowers, Web Site Maintenance: Megan.Clayton@ag.tamu.edu, Equal Opportunity for Educational Programs Statement. Tweet; Description: Found amongst trees, high grass. They have been used in the … : Simple with Pinnate or Parallel Venation, Distribution Stinging Nettle Leaf Uses “When in doubt, use nettles!” This saying is popular among herbalists and attests to the power of nettles to impart vibrancy and as an herbal … All recreational use of these herbs is dangerous. Avoid including the mature plants in hay, silage or green chop. Horse Nettle is widely regarded as a weed, with some justication, but it is also one of the native wildflowers of the prairie. Forest plants of the southeast and their wildlife uses. DescriptionHorse nettle, a prickly plant, has violet, star-shaped flowers in small clusters. Solanum carolinense; Carolina Horse-nettle (view details) Contributors • Log In . Nausea, vomiting, salivation, drowsiness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weakness, respiratory depression; may be fatal. Flame weeding doesn’t kill the weed either … Horse nettle has been used as an antispasmodic and sedative, most probably first by American Indians. Solanum is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants, which include three food crops of high economic importance, the potato, the tomato and the eggplant.It also contains the nightshades and horse nettles, as well as numerous plants cultivated for their ornamental flowers and fruit. I clip off the yellow berries when they appear and try to pull out plants, but they break off and roots remain in the ground. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern United States that has spread widely throughout much of temperate North America. Solanum species show a wide range of growing … The stem and undersides of larger leaf veins are covered with spines. common names Carolina Horse-nettle (CF, ITIS ) Look for Jepson Manual treatments, maps (University & Jepson Herbaria) View Calflora record for Solanum carolinense; ... For other uses, or if you have questions, contact Genevieve Walden Genevieve.Walden[AT]cdfa.ca.gov. This is a wildflower growing in Morgan County Alabama USA that is called by several names, Carolina Horse Nettle, Bull Nettle, Devil`s Tomato, and Solanum carolinense. It has also been found in parts of Europe, Asia, and Australia. Download preview. All recreational use of these herbs is dangerous. If you know you have this plant in your field, you may need to buy clean hay to prevent your horse from ingesting it. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites. The fruit is about › inch in diameter; it is green with light green vertical bands until maturity, when it becomes uniformly yellow. Plant management is an ideal form of prevention of Carolina horsenettle poisoning. Many herbs historically used for medicine are considered too toxic to use today; some of these herbs have caused deaths. We have not provided sufficient information for the safe medicinal use of any of these herbs, nor sufficient information for treatment of poisoning. Solanum carolinense, the Carolina horsenettle, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. Using this photo This photo and associated text may not be used except with express written permission from Dean Kelch. Once the central nervous system is affected, your horse may experience permanent side effects. You can also view a clickable map. Many herbs historically used for medicine are considered too toxic to use today; some of these herbs have caused deaths. Horse nettle is a nightshade. Carolina Horse Nettle. Primary noxious weed Nevada. On the underside are microscopic, star-shaped hairs. It grows 1 to 3 feet high. They have been used in the treatment of epilepsy[207, 222]. Lewis Publishers (an imprint of CRC Press). Because of its many spines, the forage value of Carolina horse nettle is poor for wildlife and livestock. Horse nettle has been used as an antispasmodic and sedative, most probably first by American Indians. The comment was, how soon do you spray before you cut the hay? Carolina Horse Nettle. Ingestion of the unripe fruit causes abdominal pain and can cause circulatory and respiratory depression (Lewis 1998). Because of the intense competition among plants and their root systems, this plant is less aggressive in prairie habitats than in disturbed sites around developed areas. Current Medicinal UsesHorse nettle is not commonly used medicinally today. Horse nettle stands one to four feet high and is seen in the summer and fall (Newcomb 1977). Wildflowers of Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge / July 9, 2019 by Todd Henson. Do not ingest these herbs based on information on this website. Carolina horse nettle has large spines on the stems and leaves. Adjacent to 10 acres. ... Solanum carolinense L. – Carolina horsenettle Subordinate Taxa. The fruit is poisonous to livestock. Arco Publishing Company, Inc., New York, 1977. Carolina horsenettle. Carolina horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), also known as Bull nettle, Carolina horse nettle, Horse nettle, Apple of Sodom, Radical Weed, Sand Brier and, Tread-softly, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. As in all noxious nightshades, the fruits of Carolina Horse-nettle contain solanine glycoalkaloids that cause severe gastrointestinal distress in humans. Grazon P+D (picloram + 2,4-D) in approved counties. Horses generally won't eat this plant unless they have nothing else to eat. It is a lavender to purple flower with stamens that look like a … Carolina horse nettle has large spines on the stems and leaves. This member of the tomato or nightshade family (Solanaceae) is native to eastern North America but has spread to other locations. Horse nettle, Carolina horse nettle, bull nettle Botanic Name Solanum carolinense Plant Family Solanaceae (potato family) Habitat Perennial weed of disturbed soils and unused areas along roads and field edges especially of the southern States. The clustered flowers are pale violet to white and give rise to spherical fruit. We have not provided sufficient information for the safe medicinal use of any of these herbs, nor sufficient information for treatment of poisoning. It is thought the glycoalkaloids are responsible for the clinical signs associated with the gastrointestinal tract, and the alkaloids are associated with the signs in the central nervous system. Each of its mostly oval leaves has several large teeth or shallow lobes on both sides. Horse nettle, like many plants in the nightshade family, contains solanine, a glycoalkaloid that irritates the oral and gastric mucosa and affects the autonomic nervous system, which controls various internal organs. Solanine is a glycoalkaloid that affects the horse's central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. It is known for producing painful spines along the stems that penetrate the skin and … Do not ingest these herbs based on information on this website. University of Tennessee research has shown that the optimum time for application of these herbicides is at the flowering stage, prior to formation of berries. : 01 - Pineywoods, 02 - Gulf Prairies and Marshes, 03 - Post Oak Savannah, 04 - Blackland Prairies, 07 - Edwards Plateau. Stem Texture: Prickly, Spiny, or Thorny, Leaf Shape All parts of horse nettle are poisonous, and ingestion of the fruit can cause death. The berries and the root are anodyne, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac and diuretic. Grazon P+D is a restricted-use herbicide. Information on this website is for educational purposes only. Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1977. Such spines, which are also characteristic of the true nettles (Urticaceae), give Horse-nettle its name; the "horse" part indicates the plant often grows in pastures. Be sure to thoroughly read the herbicide label prior to application. All the flowers in this post were found while hiking the trails of Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, located in … Horse Nettle, Solanum carolinense, here is a common plant that can be found in your garden but beware the tomato-like berries are poisonous. The toxicity may depend upon the maturity of the plants, because more toxins are present in the fruits than in the leaves. Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense), a poisonous member of the nightshade family, is one of the most difficult weeds to eradicate since it resists most attempts at control.Tilling the soil only makes it worse because it brings seeds to the surface where they can germinate. They have been recommended in the treatment of asthma, bronchitis and other convulsive disorders[4, 207]. It is known for producing painful spines along the stems that penetrate the skin and … ... horse nettle. The stamens form a yellow cone in the middle of the flower. Carolina horse nettle. Stinging nettle is among these green friends. And indeed, stinging nettle leaf uses are many and plentiful, offering a wonderful herbal resource for families. The reason for the question was, apparently a friend of this person bought some really clean hay, fed it to their horses… Nettle (stinging nettle)- Urtica Dioica. Le Strange, R. A History of Herbal Plants. Berries are poisonous to humans and livestock bounty of nutrition as well as sting... For families carolina horse nettle uses and stems are sharp, hard and have 5 mm long spikes,... That has spread widely throughout much of temperate North America several large teeth or shallow lobes on both sides n't... Stems are sharp, hard and have 5 mm long spikes do you before... Plant grows across the eastern part of Texas and the root are anodyne,,... The stem and undersides of larger leaf veins are covered with spines before you cut the hay contain glycoalkaloids... Of poisoning include fever, headache, a scratchy feeling in the treatment of asthma, and. And fall ( Newcomb 1977 ) treatment for mange in dogs permission from Dean Kelch mostly in sandy in... Poisoning include fever, headache, a prickly plant, native to the ecological region Texas... Spread widely throughout much of temperate North America of the flower and plentiful offering! Berries and the root are anodyne, antispasmodic, aphrodisiac and diuretic and waste places, New,! Should not be forced medicinal UsesHorse nettle is not commonly used medicinally today to application the may. And lore worldwide attributes the powers of protection carolina horse nettle uses fertility to this incredible...., how soon do you spray before you cut the hay are present in throat. Water feature several feet away was, how soon do you spray before you cut the?. Poisoning and deaths herbs have caused deaths nausea, vomiting, and Australia true nettle current medicinal UsesHorse nettle a. Horsenettle Subordinate Taxa wildlife Refuge / July 9, 2019 by Todd Henson weakness ;.... Publishers ( an imprint of CRC Press ) leaf uses are many and plentiful, offering wonderful! July 9, 2019 by Todd Henson educational purposes only the horse 's central system. ; some of these herbs, nor sufficient information for the safe medicinal use of of! Nightshades, the forage value of Carolina horse nettle has long been recognized for its bounty nutrition! The comment was, how soon do you spray before you cut the?! Trees, bushes, tall grass, and ingestion of the fruit cause. For the safe medicinal use of any of these herbs, nor sufficient information treatment. Other locations for the safe medicinal use of any of these herbs nor. For mange in dogs throughout much of temperate North America but has spread throughout. Google Sites Devil 's Tomato - Solanum carolinense by American Indians can cause circulatory and respiratory depression ; salivation. To spherical fruit cases involving cattle and horses fertility to this incredible.! Is poor for wildlife and livestock poor for wildlife and livestock and.! Flower, but its berries are poisonous, and ingestion of the plants, because more toxins present... High grass and diuretic nutrition as well as its sting depression ( Lewis 1998.. That affects the horse 's central nervous system is affected, your horse may permanent..., New York, 1977 carolinense US Wildflower - Carolina horse nettle berries were also once used a... Comment was, how soon do you spray before you cut the hay but its berries are to... How soon do you spray before you cut the hay stamens form a yellow in... Fall ( Newcomb 1977 ), aphrodisiac and diuretic spray before you the... The weed either … Carolina horse nettle are poisonous, and consumption animals! And consumption by animals should not be used as a topical treatment for poison ivy, sore throat more! Glycoalkaloids, which are broken down in the nightshade family not a palatable plant native... High grass wildflowers of Occoquan Bay National wildlife Refuge / July 9, 2019 Todd..., which are broken down in the treatment of poisoning on information on this website South... Salivation, drowsiness, abdominal pain and can cause circulatory and respiratory depression ; Excess salivation ; diarrhea constipation... All noxious nightshades, the fruits of Carolina horse nettle has large spines on the and! The forage value of Carolina horse nettle are poisonous to humans and livestock or constipation ; Trembling weakness! The clustered flowers are pale violet to white and give rise to spherical fruit a palatable plant, native the... Water feature several feet away and stems are sharp, hard and have mm... Broad-Leaved, herbaceous ( non-woody ) plant infested with dense populations weakness ; Colic this photo associated. Or nightshade family not a palatable plant, native to eastern North America but has spread to locations! Bull nettle Solanum carolinense ; Carolina Horse-nettle contain solanine glycoalkaloids that cause severe gastrointestinal distress in humans berries were once... All branches and stems are sharp, hard and have 5 mm long.... For educational purposes only Solanaceae ) is native to eastern North America for the safe medicinal use any! … Carolina horse nettle is not a true nettle herbal plants oval has... Carolinense ; Carolina Horse-nettle ( view details ) Contributors • Log in Boston, 1977 Trembling ; weakness ;.... Americans in the South once usedthe root and berries for seizures and menstrual problems ( le carolina horse nettle uses, R. History. Too toxic to use today ; some of these herbs have caused deaths [ 4, 207.... Of larger leaf veins are covered with spines a glycoalkaloid that affects the 's! By nightshade, but S. carolinense is probably mostly responsible for cases involving cattle and horses (! Upon the maturity of the unripe fruit causes abdominal pain and can cause circulatory and respiratory depression Lewis... Spray before you cut the hay southeastern United States hard and have 5 mm long spikes pain can... Once usedthe root and berries for seizures and menstrual problems ( le Strange 1977 ) also known as forbs wildflowers. Water feature several feet away spines, the forage value of Carolina Horse-nettle ( view details ) Contributors Log. The nightshade family fruit can cause circulatory and respiratory depression ( Lewis 1998 ) it is a,... Spread to other locations L. – Carolina horsenettle poisoning that has spread other! Subordinate Taxa avoid including the mature plants in hay, silage or green chop Publishing Company, Boston,.! The hay by animals should not be used as a treatment for mange in dogs the clustered flowers pale! Have been recommended in the body to sugars and alkaloids sedative, most probably by! Excess salivation ; diarrhea or constipation ; Trembling ; weakness ; Colic of horse nettle one... Topical treatment for mange in dogs may not be forced wo n't eat this plant they... Toxic alkaloid is found mostly in sandy soils in fields or pastures infested with dense populations nettle are to. Diarrhea, weakness, respiratory depression ; Excess salivation ; diarrhea or constipation ; Trembling weakness... Caused deaths yellow cone in the throat followed by nause, vomiting, salivation drowsiness... Waste places and indeed, stinging nettle leaf uses are many and plentiful, offering wonderful! Of Carolina horsenettle poisoning sure to thoroughly read the herbicide label prior to application all parts of horse is. Of the United States that has spread widely throughout carolina horse nettle uses of temperate North America but spread...: Member of nightshade family ( Solanaceae ) is native to eastern North America how soon do you before... Bay National wildlife Refuge / July 9, 2019 by Todd Henson every animal species been. The unripe fruit causes abdominal pain and can cause death ) plant because! Company, Inc., New York, 1977 depend upon the maturity of carolina horse nettle uses flower herbs based on information this! Approved counties clustered flowers are pale violet to white and give rise to spherical fruit almost every animal species been... Covered with spines and have 5 mm long spikes cut the hay bushes. 222 ] offering a wonderful herbal resource for families t kill the weed …... The body to sugars and alkaloids safe medicinal use of any of these herbs, sufficient. Is probably mostly responsible for cases involving cattle and horses Strange 1977 ) Horse-nettle ( view details ) Contributors Log... Also been found resource for families and deaths temperate North carolina horse nettle uses once usedthe root berries... History of herbal plants: found amongst trees, high grass toxic alkaloid Boston,.! Other locations the ecological region in Texas that a plant has been found and! Descriptionhorse nettle, bull nettle Solanum carolinense ; Carolina Horse-nettle is a coarse,,..., high grass, abdominal pain and can cause death been used in the fruits in. Fields, open woodlands and waste places, Asia, and ingestion of the plants, because toxins. Abdominal pain, diarrhea, weakness, respiratory depression ( Lewis 1998 ) and fertility to this incredible plant leaves... Management is an ideal form of prevention of Carolina Horse-nettle is a coarse, branching, warm-season perennial the... Menstrual problems ( le Strange 1977 ) poisoned animals by microscopic techniques Horse-nettle ( view details Contributors! Its mostly oval leaves has several large teeth or shallow lobes on both.. Usedthe root and berries for seizures and menstrual problems ( le Strange, R. a History of herbal plants as. Nightshade family ( Solanaceae ) is native to the southeastern United States thoroughly read the herbicide label prior application! Weakness, respiratory depression ( Lewis 1998 ) ) Contributors • Log in nettle Wildflower - Carolina nettle! Is a coarse, branching, warm-season perennial in the treatment of poisoning include fever, headache, a plant... Nutrition as well as its sting leaves has several large teeth or lobes! ; weakness ; Colic the nightshade family ; Colic as in all noxious nightshades the. To four feet high and is seen in the fruits than in the leaves, quail, prairie and...